Scientists from the Faculty of Medicine of the I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University have received a patent for a utility model: a monopolar electrode for operations on the thyroid and parathyroid glands. The development will improve the efficiency and safety of surgical interventions, in particular, reduce the risk of burns to surrounding tissues by reducing the power of thermal exposure.
In recent years, thyroid surgery has been undergoing significant changes, characterized by the active introduction of endoscopic and robotic technologies. However, the use of existing tools is associated with the risk of specific complications, such as electrical burns, leading to severe consequences.
The monopolar electrode is a key instrument in surgery used for coagulation and dissection of tissues using high—frequency current. The monopolar L-shaped electrode proposed by the authors of the development allows cutting only the part of the tissue that is located on the non-insulated surface of the electrode (along the inner segment). This eliminates the possibility of electric burns to surrounding tissues. This is especially important during surgical manipulations on the thyroid and parathyroid glands, taking into account the proximity of important anatomical structures — vessels and nerves. Using the tool allows you to perform operations more delicately in a confined space.
"The work on a monopolar electrode for thyroid and parathyroid gland surgery at the I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University was driven by several key factors. First, we have seen a growing need for safer and more effective methods of minimally invasive thyroid surgery. Existing instruments did not always provide sufficient control over heat exposure, which increased the risk of damage to surrounding tissues and nerves, especially near the vocal cords. Secondly, we sought to develop a technology that would allow surgeons to more accurately assess the functional state of nerve structures during surgery. This would make it possible to predict the postoperative function of the larynx and minimize the risk of complications associated with damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Thirdly, our university has accumulated significant scientific potential, including in the field of electrosurgery. We decided to use it to create a new solution that could make a real contribution to improving the quality of life of patients in need of surgical treatment of thyroid diseases. As a result, the combination of these factors prompted us to develop this monopolar electrode," said the Dean of the Faculty of Medicine of the CHSU named after I.N. Ulyanova. Valentina Diomidova.
According to the developers, the introduction of electrosurgical monopolar electrodes of their own design into the practice of minimally invasive operations on the thyroid and parathyroid glands will be an important step towards improving the quality of surgical care and improving patient treatment outcomes.
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